In binary code, each digit, or bit, represents a single piece of data. A series of bits arranged in specific sequences encode different types of information, such as numbers, letters, and instructions. For example, the binary representation of the number 5 is 101, where each digit corresponds to a power of 2: 1x2^2 + 0x2^1 + 1x2^0 = 5. Similarly, letters and other characters are encoded using standardized binary patterns, such as ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) or Unicode.

Binary code forms the backbone of every digital device and system, from simple calculators to complex supercomputers. Through the manipulation of binary digits, computers can perform arithmetic operations, execute instructions, and store and retrieve vast amounts of data. This fundamental language of computing enables the incredible technological advancements that have revolutionized nearly every aspect of modern life, from communication and entertainment to business and science. →